The Human Body !!! | Facts About the Parts of the Human Body System!

 

did you know that the human body's made

up over 100 trillion cells has 206 bones

320 pairs of muscles and 5 vital organs

it is a remarkable biological machine

with so many systems working together to

allow for life movement cognitive

function growth repair reproduction and

so much more these systems include the

central nervous system the circulatory

system the respiratory system the

digestive system the immune system the

reproductive system the skeletal

structure and musculature and the human

bodies made up of a head neck torso two

arms and two legs the average height of

an adult human is about five to six feet

the human bodies made to stand erect to

walk on two feet to use the arms to

carry and lift and has opposable thumbs

we can get able to grasp in this video

we're going to look at some of the many

systems in the human body and cover

interesting facts and information about

what they do the brain and the nervous

system the human brain is the central

command system for the whole body it's a

mass of about one hundred and eighty

billion neurons neurons have multiple

synapses that create a network of over

100 trillion connections tiny electrical

currents and chemical messengers send

information around the brain at 268

miles per hour there's enough electrical

current in your brain to power an LED

light bulb about 12 to 25 watts an adult

brain weighs about three pounds and if

you hold your fists together with your

thumbs touching that's about the size of

your brain the folds in the brain

increase its area of size a baby's brain

is nearly smooth while an adult brain

looks a lot like a walnut with lots of

little folds brain tissue needs both

oxygen and glucose to function it uses

20% of the Bloods oxygen and glucose and

brain cells begin to die after around 5

minutes of

no oxygen different parts of the brain

have different functions the main

structure in the brain are the frontal

lobe the parietal lobe the occipital

lobe the cerebellum the temporal lobe

and the brainstem the brain connects to

the rest of the body through the spinal

cord which branches out into similar and

smaller nerves throughout the body the

nervous system is the body's wiring

system it transmits messages to and from

the brain that are both a voluntary and

involuntary the involuntary messages are

things we can't control like a heartbeat

feeling pain and reflexes voluntary

messages are things we are aware of like

reaching for a pen or speaking the pins

and needles sensation happens when a

nerve is compressed and the signal is

disrupted injury to nerves can cause

permanent paralysis and numbness nerve

diseases can cause loss of memory

uncontrollable shaking a loss of feeling

muscle deterioration and seizures to

examine and measure brain structure

activity and nerve function doctors can

perform an MRI a CT or an EEG scan the

healthy brain and nervous system needs a

varied and healthy diet and lots of

vitamin b1 b9 zinc calcium magnesium and

vitamin C in particular because the

brain is over 70% water it's very

important to drink a lot of water tube

the study of the brain is called in

Neurology the heart and the circulatory

system the heart is one big pump which

is made of muscle fibers it's job is to

circulate blood around the body so that

oxygen nutrients can be delivered to the

cells carbon dioxide can be removed and

infections fought a healthy adult heart

beats around 60 to 80 beats per minute

children's heart beats are faster around

100 to 120 bpm the heart has four

chambers to pump blood the oxygenated

blood enters the right atrium then into

the right ventricle where it goes to the

lungs

once oxygenated it enters the left

atrium down into the left ventricle

and a big squeeze of the left ventricle

pushes blood into various arteries blood

is transported around the body through

blood vessels that are split into two

functions carrying oxygenated blood away

from the heart and carrying deoxygenated

blood towards the heart blood vessels

carrying oxygenated blood in order of

large to small are called the arteries

arterioles and capillaries vessels

carrying deoxygenated blood in order of

large to small applaud veins and

capillaries there are so many blood

vessels in the human body that if you

laid them out end to end they would span

60,000 miles red blood cells carry

oxygen around the body they're so small

that 2.5 million can fit on the head of

a pen

an average adult has about five quarts

of blood and the heart pumps 83 gallons

an hour or 2000 gallons every single day

it takes around 60 seconds blood to

leave the heart circulate around the

body and then return back to the heart

the heart is protected by the ribcage

and the sternum and because the heart is

a muscle

physical exercise helps to keep it

healthy and working well so you can live

longer

heart disease is one of the biggest

killers in America every single year

eating too much fat and animal products

can cause cholesterol to build up in the

blood vessels and when a blockage occurs

it can cause a heart attack

smoking excess alcohol too much salt

drug abuse stress and high blood

pressure can all lead to heart disease

heart attack and stroke common signs of

a heart attack will include difficulty

breathing a pain in the left arm a

heaviness on the chest flu-like symptoms

sudden pain in the chest or turning blue

both anxiety and acid reflux can

sometimes feel like a heart attack but

you should always call emergency

services if someone thinks they're

having a heart attack the study of the

heart is called cardiology the lungs and

respiratory system

the function of the lungs is to exchange

oxygen from the air to the bloodstream

when you breathe in and carbon dioxide

from the bloodstream to the air when you

breathe out humans have two lungs side

by side but they're not the same size

the left lung is slightly smaller to

make room for your heart each lung is

divided into lobes

the right lung has three lobes and the

left lung to when breathing air enters

the respiratory system through the nose

or mouth paired in the nose and mucus in

the sinuses trap dust and germs and as

air travels down the trachea is warmed

and moistened the trachea branches into

left and right bronchi each bronchus

branches into smaller and smaller

bronchi bronchioles and finally into

alveoli pair of lungs weighs 2.9 pounds

they have a spongy structure for a lot

of surface area for gas exchange when

laid out flat that cover an entire

tennis court the lungs can't expand and

contract on their own this movement is

controlled by the diaphragm under the

ribcage and the muscles between the ribs

the lung capacity will depend on a

personal size fitness and even the

altitude where they are on the earth an

average adult male has a 1.5 gallon lung

capacity most adults breathe 12 to 20

times per minute which amounts to

thousand nine hundred gallons of air per

day an average person could hold their

breath for about two minutes the

epiglottis is a flap that protects the

lungs from food and liquid when we

swallow coughing and sneezing is the

respiratory systems mechanism for

getting rid of irritants like dust and

pollen asthma is a respiratory condition

where the Airways constrict as a result

of an irritant and breathing can become

very difficult a person is still able to

live with only one lung but their

ability to do physical exercise is

limited because the lungs are the only

organs that exchange oxygen and carbon

dioxide is very important to keep them

healthy and clean smoking in air

pollution damages lung tissue and leads

to lung diseases like cancer and

emphysema the study of lungs is called

pulmonology

the digestive system the purpose of the

digestive system is to break down food

into components the body can use like

glucose for energy protein for building

and repairing cells and extracting

vitamins minerals and amino acids a cell

function the digestive system begins

with the mouth where teeth mash food the

tongue moves it around and saliva

lubricates there and begins digestion

upon swallowing food travels down the

esophagus and into the stomach where

acid kills bacteria and breaks down food

further the liquid food then enters a

small intestine where the acid is

neutralized and enzymes break down fat

protein and carbohydrates for absorption

by tiny hairs called villi after

traveling through 20 feet of small

intestine through passes into the large

intestine or colon where water is

absorbed in bacteria very extract and

manufacture important vitamins a colon

is around 5 feet long the final stop is

directon where in the adjustable food

matter and gas are passed through the

anus as feces and flatulence the study

of the digestive system is called

gastroenterology the stomach the stomach

is a muscular sac with hydrochloric acid

to protect yourself from the acid it has

a mucous lining an adult stomach can

hold not 0.5 gallons of food and liquid

and there are nerves in the stomach that

tell your brain when it's empty or when

it's full vomiting is the body's way of

rejecting food and liquid that is bad

for the stomach the small intestine

after leaving the stomach partially

digested food called chyme enters the

small intestine the small intestine is

16 to 20 feet long in an adult human

being

it's called small because it is narrow

about the thickness of your thumb in the

small intestine the gallbladder secretes

gall to break down fats and the pancreas

secretes insulin to manage blood sugar

levels inside the small intestine

millions of tiny hairs called villi

increase the surface area so that

nutrients can be absorbed into the

bloodstream food moves along the

intestine through

like contractions called peristalsis

celiac disease is a condition of the

small intestine the large intestine the

large intestine or colon is about five

feet in length and it's called large

because it's wider than a small

intestine digestion creates up to 1.3

gallons of fluid and the main job of the

colon is to reabsorb most of this fluid

so things move slowly they can take 18

to 24 hours for food to leave your

digestive system the large intestine

hosts billions of beneficial bacteria

called gut flora or the microbiome they

manufacture and extract certain vitamins

in fermentation by the gut bacteria

creates gas fiber is very important for

a healthy gut diseases and disorders of

the colon include irritable bowel

syndrome and colon cancer the immune

system the human immune system is the

military of the body it's comprised of

white blood cells and antibodies these

seek out and destroy foreign bodies

including viruses bacteria parasites

fungi and abnormal cells white blood

cells are created in bone marrow and

carried in the blood and lymphatic

system a single drop of blood can have

25,000 white blood cells when white

blood cells attack they envelope the

pathogen and destroy it the remains are

carried away into the lymph system the

immune system is able to remember

infections and fight them off better

through antibodies vaccines work by

stimulating the immune system to create

antibodies for specific disease by polio

or measles without actually getting it

the person is then protected against

that disease it's important to get

vaccines even if the disease is no

longer common because of the herd

immunity effect which is a form of

immunity that occurs when the

vaccination of a significant portion of

a population or herd provides a measure

of protection for individuals who have

not developed immunity stress smoking

lack of sleep poor diet and diseases

like HIV and AIDS can weaken the immune

system making you vulnerable to

infection

allergies and allergic reactions are

false alarm and the result of an

overactive immune system allergic

reactions can cause anaphylactic shock

and swelling where a person can't

breathe autoimmune diseases like lupus

mean that the immune system attacks his

own body and not just the germs being

too clean isn't always a good thing

without germs to develop antibodies the

immune system doesn't develop or learn

what's harmful and what's not the study

of the immune system is called

immunology the reproductive system the

reproductive systems function is to

create new life so that genes can be

passed along to future generations a

woman's reproductive organs include a

pair of ovaries that form eggs and the

uterus where our baby Jia States until

it's ready to be born a man's

reproductive system includes the testes

where sperm is formed and a penis for

delivering sperm into the uterus when an

egg and sperm cell fused as a result of

sexual intercourse conception occurs and

the baby begins to grow the gestation

period for a human baby is 40 weeks or

nine months and during which it grows

from a few cells into a fully formed

baby humans can reach reproductive age

at around 13 years old with good

nutrition puberty is arriving sooner

with every generation a woman produces

one egg every 28 days if it's not

fertilized menstruation sheds the

uterine lining a man's ejaculate can

have as many as 300 million sperm cells

sexually transmitted diseases include

hiv/aids chlamydia syphilis and HPV

which can cause cervical cancer the most

common cancers of the reproductive

organs include ovarian and cervical

cancer and women and testicular and

prostate cancer in men the study of

women's reproductive organs is called

gynecology and the study of men's

reproductive organs is called andrology

the skeleton humans are vertebrates

meaning they have a backbone or a spinal

column an adult skeleton has 206 bones a

baby has 300 bones of

and some fuse together as they grow half

of these bones are in your hands and

feet the largest and strongest bone in

the body is the femur and the smallest

bones are in the middle ear where bones

meet is a cushion of cartilage bones are

held together by tough ligaments bones

consists of hard bone which gives

structure spongy bone which is still

hard but has more air pockets and bone

marrow where blood and stem cells are

produced a healthy human bone come with

stands three times your body weight in

force arm and leg fractures and breaks

are more common in growing children

because the growth plates there are

vulnerable when a bone fractures or

breaks is able to repair itself special

bone cells will surround the injury

former callous breakdown the injured

bone and replace their even healthy

bones are continually maintained by the

body bone is made mostly of calcium for

strength and collagen for flexibility

which is why it's important to eat lots

of green leafy vegetables an adult

reaches their full height in their 20s

and maximum bone density in their 30s we

can view the bones of a human body by

using an x-ray diseases of the bone

include osteoporosis and arthritis and

the study of burns is called osteology

muscles the human body is incredibly

flexible unable to move in thousands of

ways all thanks to 320 pairs of skeletal

muscles muscles are made where muscle

proteins form strands of muscle fiber

these then form bundles which make up

largest skeletal muscles skeletal

muscles occur in pairs when one muscle

group contracts the opposing pair

relaxes for example to raise your

forearm your bicep contracts and your

tricep relaxes bones can't move by

themselves that's the work of your

muscles where ligaments connect bones to

each other tendons connect muscle to

burn electrical signals which are

carried by nerves to and from the brain

will instruct your muscles on how to

contract or relax the muscles are

responsible for creating body heat they

twitch so slightly you don't even feel

it

this generates enough heat for

metabolism your muscles are built and

repaired when tiny tears in the muscle

fiber are filled in with new muscle

cells and the muscle needs oxygen and

glucose to function and protein to

repair and regenerate the body has three

kinds of muscle skeletal for movement

cardiac for the heart and smooth for the

digestive system around 40 percent of a

person's weight is comprised of their

muscle mass is also denser than fat

which is why two people at the same size

can have different weights the largest

muscle in the body is the gluteus

maximus and your jaw muscles are the

strongest they can exert 200 pounds of

force the study of muscles is called my

ology